Spinal Muscular Atrophy
SMA is a genetic neuromuscular condition. Cells in the spinal cord are damaged, which result in a generalised muscle weakness and can cause respiratory and nutrition complications. 1 in 40 of the UK population are thought to be carriers of the gene that causes SMA.
There are 4 types of SMA, ranging in severity. Type (1) being the most severe and Type (4) being the least severe.
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Type 1 (Severe) |
Also know as Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome. Onset before or shortly after birth. The child is unable to sit. Does not usually survive past 2 years old. |
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Type II (Intermediate) |
Onset between 3 months and 2 years. The child is able to sit, but not stand without aid. Survival into adulthood possible. |
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Type III (mild) |
Also known as Kugelberg-Welander disease. The onset is usually around 2 years. Able to walk. The child has a normal lifespan. |
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Adult Onset SMA |
Number of forms differing in age of onset. Degree of weakness is variable. |
Maxwell has Type II
For more information on SMA, you can visit www.jtsma.org.uk which is the UK’s leading charity for the disease.